Tower made of prestressed concrete prefabricated assembly units

ABSTRACT

The invention concerns a method of erecting a pylon of prestressed concrete finished parts and an apparatus for advantageously carrying out the method. In order to at least reduce the problems present in the state of the art when erecting a pylon, there is provided a funnel-shaped apparatus  8  for guiding a tensioning wire, the smaller cross-section  11  thereof being substantially the same as that of the jacket tube  7.  There is further provided a seal  20  for producing a pressure-tight transition between two mutually superposed segments  4, 6,  wherein the height of the seal  20  substantially corresponds to the intended spacing of the segments. Also provided is a prestressed concrete finished part  4, 6  in which the apparatus  8  according to the invention is integrated. Finally there is provided a method in which epoxy resin is used as a composite joining material  34  between two segments.

[0001] The present invention concerns a method of erecting a pylon ofprestressed concrete finished parts and an apparatus for advantageouslycarrying out the method. Pylons of prestressed concrete finished partsare generally known and are used for the most widely varying range ofpurposes. As an example here mention may be made of use thereof as anantenna carrier for telecommunication equipment.

[0002] The use of prestressed concrete finished parts, in comparisonwith erecting towers or pylons with a climbing or sliding concrete formor sheathing, has the advantage of an economically more favourablepossible way of producing the finished parts, under predeterminedconditions. In that way, a large part of the work involved can alreadybe carried out far from the building site. In addition it is in that waybetter possible to satisfy predetermined quality requirements and tomonitor the procedure to ensure that such requirements are met, and thepylon can then be erected on the building site in a short time.

[0003] For that purpose the prestressed concrete finished parts areassembled with jacket tubes, incorporated into the pylon wall, for thetensioning means, on the building site. In that case, to connect theindividual finished parts together as segments of the pylon, a concretemix is introduced into the joins between the segments in order toachieve a force-locking connection, over a surface area, between thefinished parts. The tensioning means which are pulled into the jackettubes are then tensioned and thereafter the jacket tubes are filled witha concrete slurry under high pressure and pressed in order to produce anintimate connection between tensioning means and pylon.

[0004] The operation of pressing the tensioning means in the jackettubes must be effected under high pressure so that the concrete slurrycan rise in the jacket tubes and fill them to the tip of the pylon, withthe required pressure. That required pressure can certainly attainvalues of 200 bars, in the case of pylons which are 80 m high. In thatrespect it will be noted that the state of the art involves the problemthat the concrete slurry which is under high pressure can escape at thejunctions between the individual segments as the concrete therebetweenis brittle and porous as a consequence of its material properties andtherefore the transition between the segments is not reliably sealedoff.

[0005] Therefore it may be necessary to provide an access for theinjection of the concrete slurry, beginning with the lowermost segmentand moving upwardly on the tower, at each junction between mutuallysuperposed segments, and to feed the concrete slurry at such accesspoints in order to press the jacket tubes of the respective segmentdisposed thereabove.

[0006] In Germany tensioning bars and tensioning wires are considered astensioning means. The use of tensioning bars however is subject to thelimitation that they can be used exclusively when dealing with straighttensioning paths. This means however that the options in terms of thecontour of a tower comprising prestressed concrete finished parts arelimited when using tensioning bars as they always have to be in astraight line. This means that the erection of a conical pylon withtensioning bars is possible as long as the cross-section of the pylontapers in a rectilinear configuration.

[0007] Therefore only the use of a tensioning wire is considered for thepurposes of erecting a conical pylon with a curved contour. Thetensioning wire is pulled in either from the tip of the pylon into thejacket tubes of the segments continuously down to the base of the pylonor from the base of the pylon continuously up to the tip of the pylon.That procedure however suffers from the problem that the tensioningwire, from the tip of the pylon to the base region thereof along thecurved contour, has to pass over the junctions between the individualsegments. As a consequence of the curvature however, there is always thedanger that the wire does not follow the curvature in particular at sucha junction, but becomes jammed at the junction and can be moved alongonly at great cost.

[0008] Therefore the object of the present invention is to provide amethod of erecting a pylon of prestressed concrete finished parts and anapparatus for advantageously carrying out the method, by means of whichthe above-identified problems in the state of the art are eliminated orat least alleviated.

[0009] For that purpose, in accordance with the invention, there isprovided an apparatus which is of a funnel-shaped configuration. In thatarrangement the side of the funnel-shaped apparatus of the smallercross-section is of a cross-section which substantially corresponds tothe cross-section of a jacket tube, as is incorporated into thesegments. The funnel-shaped apparatus is provided above a jacket tubeand is oriented towards the jacket tube, with the side of the smallercross-section. As a result a tensioning wire which is pulled in from thetip of the pylon or tower firstly reaches the side of the largercross-section and is guided thereby to the smaller cross-section. Asthat smaller cross-section substantially corresponds to thecross-section of a jacket tube, the tensioning wire thus passes smoothlyinto the jacket tube of the next segment disposed therebeneath.

[0010] In a preferred embodiment of the invention mounted at the side ofthe apparatus of the smaller cross-section is a tubular portion ofsubstantially equal cross-section. That portion is of a predeterminedlength which on the one hand is such that it can securely engage intothe jacket tube but on the other hand the material expenditure and thusthe costs remain within acceptable limits.

[0011] In a particularly preferred embodiment of the invention thetubular portion and the apparatus are formed in one piece and areprovided in the region of the tubular portion with a male screwthreadwith which it can be screwed into the jacket tube. That arrangementmakes it possible to produce a particularly simple and secure connectionbetween the funnel-shaped apparatus and the jacket tube.

[0012] The apparatus is particularly preferably so designed thatprovided at the outer periphery is a mounting option for for example aseal. The mounting option can completely surround the outer edge of theapparatus and thus contribute to securely holding the seal in place.

[0013] In order to counteract the problem of the concrete slurryescaping in the operation of pressing the jacket tubes, in accordancewith the invention there is provided a seal which is inserted betweentwo segments where the jacket tubes in the segments are in mutuallyopposite relationship. The seal is of a height which corresponds atleast to the intended spacing of the segments in order to achieve asealing action.

[0014] In a particularly preferred embodiment of the invention the sealis higher than the predetermined spacing between the segments, by morethan the measurement of surface roughness.

[0015] As the seal and the funnel-shaped apparatus are provided atpositions on the periphery of the segments, at which the incorporatedjacket tubes are in opposite relationship, the seal is preferably of thesame cross-sectional shape as the funnel-shaped apparatus.

[0016] In a particularly preferred feature the internal width of theseal increases towards the segment which is arranged below it, while theside of the seal, which faces towards the segment arranged above theseal, is at least of the same size of the cross-section in respect ofits internal width, as that of the jacket tubes in the segment. Thataffords a cross-sectional enlargement in the seal towards thefunnel-shaped apparatus so that the advantage thereof can be fullyutilised.

[0017] In a further preferred embodiment of the invention the outerperipheral surface of the seal substantially follows the variation inthe internal width and therefore decreases in a direction towards thesmaller cross-section. As a result that region of the seal wall, as theupper portion of the seal, remains sufficiently deformable and ispressed outwardly and thus against the adjacent segment by pressurewhich occurs within the seal.

[0018] The transition between the inner wall and the outer wall of theupper portion of the seal is such that it extends at an acute anglerelative to the outer wall and an obtuse angle relative to the innerwall and thus substantially vertically.

[0019] As a result, even when the upper portion of the seal is presseddown horizontally, at the transition between the inner and outer walls,there is a force which presses the seal with its upper portion morefirmly against the segment because in that situation the transitionstill has an upwardly extending surface.

[0020] In a particularly preferred embodiment of the invention formed atthe underside of the seal, the side of the larger cross-section, is abead or ridge which in respect of its dimensions and its shapecorresponds to the mounting means provided on the funnel-shapedapparatus, for receiving a seal. In that way the seal can be securelyheld in position, thereby preventing the seal from slipping and ensuringthat the assembly procedure is not adversely affected.

[0021] In a preferred development the seal according to the inventionhas a peripherally extending cantilever portion which is directedoutwardly, at the outer periphery of the seal, above the bead. Thatcantilever portion is of a predetermined height and width and projectsby that dimension beyond the upper peripherally extending edge of theapparatus. That cantilever portion on the one hand increases theflexural stiffness of the bead which is accommodated in the apparatusand serves on the other hand as a barrier for a composite joiningmaterial between the segments in order to prevent that material fromreaching the top side of the seal during erection of the tower or pylon.

[0022] In order to simplify the working procedure in particular on thebuilding site, in accordance with a preferred embodiment of theinvention the apparatus can already be integrated into the segment uponmanufacture of the segments, in a suitably oriented condition. In thatcase, it is particularly preferably integrated in such a way that thetop edge of the apparatus, that is to say the side of the largercross-section, terminates flush with the top side of the segment.

[0023] In a further embodiment of the invention the form of thefunnel-shaped apparatus is provided in the wall of the segment, duringmanufacture of the segments. In that way, with the same functionality,it is possible on the one hand to save on the material for the apparatusand on the other hand it is possible to save the working step involvedin inserting the apparatus.

[0024] In order to avoid junctions only being displaced, the spacingbetween the opening of the apparatus, at the side towards the jackettube, and the adjacent edge of the jacket tube, is negligibly small sothat the funnel-shaped apparatus and the jacket tube blend into eachother.

[0025] In order to reduce transportation and handling problems, aparticularly preferred embodiment of the invention provides that eachfull segment is divided in parallel to its vertical axis into at leasttwo sub-segments.

[0026] In a further, particularly preferred embodiment of the invention,when erecting the tower or pylon from segments, a polymer such as forexample epoxy resin is used as the joining material between thesegments, in place of the porous concrete. In the hardened conditionthat epoxy resin has the same strength properties as concrete, but it isnot so porous and brittle, and it thus provides a mechanicallyequivalent and at the same time sealed connection between the segments.

[0027] In order to achieve a sufficiently secure connection between thesegments, the joining material is preferably applied over the fullsurface area involved. It will be noted in that respect that thefunnel-shaped openings and the openings of the jacket tubes are clearedout in order not to provide there any new barriers for the tensioningcable which is to be pulled in and for the concrete slurry.

[0028] In a particularly preferred embodiment of the invention there areprovided at least three spacers which are inserted between the segmentsbefore the segments are assembled. They carry the respective segmentwhich rests thereon until the joining material is hardened.

[0029] In that case the spacers are particularly preferably made from amaterial such as for example wood which has a lower modulus ofelasticity that the hardened joining material. That provides on the onehand that the spacers suitably deform in the event of irregularities inthe mutually facing surfaces of the segments and prevent parts of thewall of the segments from chipping off. On the other hand however afterthe joining material has hardened they bear the loadings and suitablycarry them away, in place of the ‘soft’ spacers.

[0030] The modulus of elasticity of the spacers is preferably in a rangeof between 3000 N/mm² and 5000 N/mm² in order to be able to keep therequired surface area of the spacers within limits, while the joiningmaterial preferably has a modulus of elasticity >5000 N/mm².

[0031] In a particularly preferred embodiment of the invention, theco-operation of the funnel-shaped apparatus, the seal and the joiningmaterial makes it possible, in the case of a tower or pylon consistingof segments, for the tensioning cables to be pulled into the jackettubes and tensioned and then for for example a concrete slurry to bepressed into the jacket tubes from the base of the tower, under suchhigh pressure that the concrete slurry rises as far as the tip of thetower or pylon without escaping at a junction between two prestressedconcrete finished elements.

[0032] Advantageous developments of the invention are described in theappendant claims.

[0033] An embodiment of the invention is described in greater detailhereinafter with reference to the accompanying drawings in which:

[0034]FIG. 1 shows a side view in cross-section of a funnel-shapedapparatus according to the invention,

[0035]FIG. 2 shows a side view in cross-section of a seal according tothe invention,

[0036]FIG. 3 shows a view on an enlarged scale of the transition in FIG.2,

[0037]FIG. 4 shows a view of parts of two segments which are arrangedone above the other and connected together in accordance with theinvention,

[0038]FIG. 5 shows a plan view of a full segment according to theinvention,

[0039]FIG. 6 shows a sectional view of a full segment according to theinvention as shown in FIG. 5,

[0040]FIG. 7 shows segments in the installed position, and

[0041]FIG. 8 shows a view in cross-section through a pylon according tothe invention.

[0042]FIG. 1 is a side view of a funnel-shaped apparatus 8 according tothe invention for guiding a tensioning wire (not shown), as a sectionalview. The cross-section in the plan view (not shown) in this embodimentis preferably round but it can also be polygonal, for example forintroducing an aspect of preventing rotational movement.

[0043] The central part of the apparatus 8 is a funnel-shaped portion 8with an upwardly facing opening 9 and a downwardly facing opening 11.The upwardly facing circular opening 9, with a cross-sectional area ofabout 254 cm², is of a larger inside diameter, at about 90 mm, than thedownwardly facing opening 11 with an inside diameter of about 53 mm.

[0044] In this arrangement the smaller, that is to say downwardly facingcross-section 11 substantially corresponds to the cross-section ofjacket tubes 7 which, during manufacture of the segments 4, 6, areintegrated in the wall thereof and which are provided to receive thetensioning wires (or the tensioning bars). In that way, a tensioningwire which enters at the larger cross-section 9 can be guided throughthe funnel shape in such a way that it can pass smoothly into the jackettube 7 which is in adjoining relationship beneath the funnel-shapedapparatus 8.

[0045] In the illustrated embodiment according to the invention a flareangle of about 40° was selected for the funnel-shaped apparatus 8. Thatflare angle can however vary over a wide range of between 10° and 150°in dependence on structural factors and aspects of the segments.

[0046] Adjoining the smaller opening 11 of the apparatus 8 is a tubularportion 12 provided with a male screwthread 14. The portion 12 can bescrewed into a jacket tube 7 and thus on the one hand provides foraccurate reproduceable positioning of the apparatus 8 and on the otherhand provides for still more extensive guidance for the tensioning wire.In addition, this ensures that the apparatus 8 cannot becomeaccidentally released from the jacket tube 7, independently of thetransportation position.

[0047] The tubular portion 12 is of a cross-section which substantiallycorresponds to that of the jacket tube 7. It will be appreciated that inthis embodiment it is slightly smaller so as to permit it to be screwedin.

[0048] The outer peripheral edge 10 at the larger cross-section 9 isprolonged about 7 mm upwardly, wherein in this region however thecross-section remains constant, that is to say the peripheral edge 10extends vertically. Adjoining that peripheral edge 10 at the transitionfrom the funnel-shaped portion 8 to the vertically extending part of theperipheral edge 10 is a substantially horizontally extending supportsurface 16 which extends in an annular configuration around theperipheral edge 10 and which for example can carry a seal element 20.The width of the support surface 16 depends on the support surface arearequired for the seal 20 and in the present embodiment is about 10 mm.

[0049] An additional peripherally extending edge portion 18 is in turnprovided perpendicularly at the outer edge of the support surface 16 andextends about 10 mm upwardly from the support surface 16. That affordsadditional lateral support for a seal 20 which is to be inserted in thatreceiving means formed from the peripheral edge 10, the support surface16 and the peripherally extending edge portion 18, such supporteffectively preventing the seal 20 from slipping.

[0050] In an alternative embodiment (not shown) of the invention thesupport surface 16 can extend at an acute angle relative to theperipheral edge 10. In a simpler design configuration, that arrangementcan also provide an additional supporting action for a suitably shapedseal 20.

[0051]FIG. 2 shows a seal 20 according to the invention, in a firstembodiment. In the plan view (not shown) the seal 20 is of a roundcross-section, just like the apparatus 8. In the side view shown incross-section, the seal 20 is of a varying internal width 21. Thatinternal width 21 increases towards the lower edge of the seal 20. Itwill be noted in this respect that the diameter at the upper edge of theseal 20, at about 70 mm, is still larger than the inside diameter ofjacket tubes 7 which are used as a standard, at about 60 mm. The insidediameter of the seal 20 is about 95 mm at its lower edge and thuscorresponds to the outside diameter of the apparatus 8 at the outerperipheral edge 10 thereof.

[0052] In the region of the lower edge, the outer peripheral edge of theseal 20 is in the form of a bead or ridge 22, the dimensions of which,being a height of about 7 mm in the interior of the seal, about 10 mm inheight at the outer periphery, and a width of also about 10 mm, are soselected that they correspond to the dimensions of the receiving meansof the apparatus 8, which means is formed from the peripheral edge 10,the support surface 16 and the peripherally extending edge portion 18.The seal 20 therefore fits precisely into that receiving means on theapparatus 8 and an adhesive layer or the like can be provided betweenthe apparatus 8 or the support surface 16 and the seal 20, for fixingthe seal 20.

[0053] The internal width of the seal 20 decreases from the lower end tothe upper end thereof. The outer periphery of the seal 20 follows thatconfiguration. In other words, the outer periphery of the seal alsodecreases in the region of the seal above the bead 22. That affords theadvantage that, when pressure occurs in the path of the tensioning wireand thus within the seal 20, namely when pressure is applied in thejacket tubes 7, that pressure can deform the seal 20, in particular inthis region, and can press it against the upper segment 6 so that thetransition between the segments 4, 6 in the region of the jacket tubes 7is securely sealed off.

[0054] Above the bead 22 the seal 20 has at its outer periphery acircumferentially extending cantilever portion 23 which is of aparallelogram-shaped configuration. The cantilever portion 23 is of aheight of about 5 mm and projects by that dimension beyond the upperperipherally extending edge 18 of the apparatus (8). The cantileverportion 23 on the one hand increases the flexural stiffness of the bead22 accommodated in the apparatus 8 and on the other hand serves as abarrier for the composite joining material 34 between the segments 4, 6in order to prevent the material 34 from passing on to the top side ofthe seal 20 during the operation of erecting the pylon.

[0055] The seal 20 is arranged between two mutually superposedprestressed concrete finished elements 4, 6 in the region of mutuallyoppositely disposed jacket tubes 7 and is intended to provide apressure-tight transition between jacket tubes 7 in the prestressedconcrete finished elements 4, 6. In a preferred embodiment therefore theseal 20 is of a height of between about 25 mm and 30 mm.

[0056] That height consists of the height of the bead 22 and the heightof the portion of the seal 20, whose cross-section tapers towards thesmaller opening. In that arrangement, the height of the cantileverportion 23 indicates the intended spacing between the segments 4, 6. Theupper portion 25 of the seal 20 which projects beyond that cantileverportion 23, with the tapering portion, is between about 10 mm and 15 mmhigher.

[0057] When a pylon consisting of segments 4, 6 is erected that part ofthe seal 20 m, which projects beyond the cantilever portion 23, ispressed down by the segment 6 which is placed thereon and in turnpresses with its resilient force against the segment 6. That produces afirst sealing effect between the segments 4, 6, which even withoutpressure already being present in the interior of the seal, prevents theconcrete slurry from escaping.

[0058] As the upper seal portion 25 is deformed by the segment 6 placedthereon, the transition 29 between the inner wall 27 and the outer wall26 is so designed that it extends at an acute angle relative to theouter wall 26 and an obtuse angle relative to the inner wall 27 and thussubstantially vertically.

[0059] This can be better seen in a circle shown on an enlarged scalefor the sake of enhanced clarity. Here, only the transition 29 isillustrated, without adjoining edge lines, to improve the clarityaspect. Here, the acute angle between the outer wall 26 of the upperportion 25 of the seal 20 and the transition 29 as well as the obtuseangle between the wall 27 and the transition 29 can be clearly seen.

[0060] Even when the upper portion 25 of the seal 20 is pressed downhorizontally, at the transition 29 between the inner wall 27 and theouter wall 26, the above-discussed arrangement provides a force whichpresses the seal 20 with its upper portion 25 more firmly against thesegment 6, because even in this situation the transition 29 still has anupwardly extending surface.

[0061] If the upper segment 6 is assumed to have an approximately flatsurface, then the upper portion 25 of the seal cannot be bent downfurther than into the horizontal. That means that at any event the seal20 reliably provides for sealing integrity in relation to the uppersegment 6.

[0062]FIG. 3 shows the apparatus 8 and the seal 20 inserted therein, insitu. Shown there are two mutually superposed segments 4, 6, of whichthe lower segment 4 is broken away in the region of the apparatus 8. Thesegments 4, 6 are arranged one above the other in such a way that thejacket tubes 7 in the segments 4, 6 are disposed in substantiallyaligned, mutually opposite relationship.

[0063] The apparatus 8 is inserted into the segment 4 in positivelylocking relationship therein and the top edge of the peripherallyextending edge portion 18 terminates flush with the surface of thesegment 4. The tubular portion 12 engages into the jacket tube 7 whichis integrated in the segment 4.

[0064] The seal 20 is fitted into the part of the apparatus 8, which isprovided for receiving the seal 20, and bears with its top side firmlyagainst the upper segment 6.

[0065] When the pylon consisting of segments 4, 6 is erected with themethod according to the invention, firstly preferably three spacers 32are arranged distributed at approximately equal spacings around theperiphery on the upwardly facing surface of the segment 4 which was thelast one installed (being the lower segment).

[0066] The spacers 32 are preferably made of wood and are of a height ofabout 5 mm (depending on the surface roughness of the segments) whichcorresponds to the intended spacing 30 between the segments 4, 6 afterassembly. The modulus of elasticity of wood is in a range which on theone hand permits wood to withstand the forces occurring in the pylon forsome time, but which on the other hand provides that irregularities ofthe mutually oppositely disposed surfaces of the segments 4, 6 pressinto the wood and this therefore prevents the material of the segments4, 6 from being chipped off.

[0067] In this case, levelling of the segments 4, 6 can be achieved by asuitable choice in respect of the height of the spacers, correspondingto the inevitable production inaccuracies of the segments 4, 6.

[0068] A joining material 34 is then applied to that surface in such away as to cover it. In that respect, the positions at which the jackettubes 7 in the segments 4, 6 or the jacket tube 7 in the upper segment 6and the apparatus 8 with the seal 20 in the lower segment 4 are inmutually opposite relationship are cleared out when the material 34 isapplied, by the material 34 being applied as far as the cantileverportion 23.

[0069] The joining material 34 which is applied to cover the surfaceinvolved is preferably an epoxy resin and is applied at least in a layerthickness of about 5 mm which substantially corresponds to the intendedspacing 30 between the segments 4, 6.

[0070] The segment 6 which is next to be fitted is so placed on thelower segment 4 that the jacket tubes 7 are in alignment with eachother. In that case the upper segment 6 is firstly supported on thethree spacers 32 which transmit the forces between the segments 4, 6until the material 34 has hardened.

[0071] To the extent to which the material 34 hardens, the transmissionof force between the segments 4, 6 is increasingly effected by thematerial 34. As the strength properties of the material 34 in thehardened condition correspond to those of concrete, after the material34 has hardened this arrangement provides a force-locking connectionbetween the segments 4, 6 over the major part of the mutually facingsurfaces of the segments 4, 6 (the regions of the transitions betweenthe jacket tubes 7 remain cleared out).

[0072] After the material 34 has hardened all forces between theprestressed concrete finished elements 4, 6 are transmitted by thematerial 34 and the spacers 32 are no longer loaded.

[0073] As already described above, fitted on to the above-describedprestressed concrete pylon is a steel attachment mounting on which thenthe entire machinery house of the wind power installation is mounted.The steel attachment mounting on the prestressed concrete pylon portionhas at its underside a peripherally extending fixing flange. The steelattachment mounting is firstly fixed to a plurality of, for examplefour, screwthreaded bars until the definitive fixing is mounted inplace. This involves the tensioning wires which extend in the pylon alsorunning through that flange and the tension strainers for the tensioningwires being mounted in position above the flange.

[0074] If a ring element comprises a plurality of sub-segments (of alengthwise portion) so that for example a sub-segment forms a semicirclein profile, those sub-segments are connected together. For that purpose,a so-called return-hanging reinforcement is incorporated whenmanufacturing the sub-segments. That returning-hanging reinforcement, aprolongation of the reinforcement which is incorporated in the segment,projects in a U-shape in a distributed manner out of the finishedsub-segment at the ends thereof, above the height of the segment, insuch a way that the elements which are visible at the ends are arrangedcrossbar-like one above the other.

[0075] In addition, provided in the oppositely disposed end of theadjacent sub-segment are (shallow) recesses, into which thereturn-hanging reinforcement can engage. Accordingly, in theinstallation situation, the return-hanging reinforcements of theadjacent sub-segments engage comb-like into each other. The transitionsbetween the sub-segments of a lengthwise portion are then filled with aquick-setting concrete.

[0076]FIG. 5 shows a plan view of a full segment according to theinvention of a prestressed concrete pylon with the guide funnels 8. ThisFigure indicates two sections, namely A and C, which are shown in thesubsequent Figures.

[0077]FIG. 6 shows a view in section A-A in FIG. 5 after preparation ofthe lower segment 6 but before the upper segment 4 is set in place. Inthis Figure and also in FIG. 7, guide funnels 8 and jacket tubes 7 inthe segments 4, 6 are indicated in concealed fashion. Shown in the gapbetween the segments 4, 6 is a spacer 32 and the joining material 34which is applied in that shape.

[0078]FIG. 7 shows the segments 4, 6 in the situation of installationthereof. The material 34 is substantially distributed over the width ofthe gap and the material 34 which bulges out laterally can be easilyremoved with a trowel or the like. The upper segment 4 rests on thespacer 32.

[0079] The seal 20 is not shown in these Figures for the sake ofclarity. In order in this case also to clearly show the function of theseal 20, a section C-C in FIG. 5 is illustrated in FIG. 8. Here thejoining material 34 and the spacers 32 have been omitted. The Figureshows how the seal 20 is pressed down by the upper segment 4, in theupper portion of the seal.

[0080] The part shown on an enlarged scale illustrates the fact that,even when an upper portion of the seal has been pressed down into thehorizontal, the transition 29 extends upwardly due to the acute angle tothe top side of the seal 20 and the obtuse angle of the underside 27 ofthe seal 20. When a pressure is applied in the interior of the seal,that portion is therefore reliably pressed against the upper segment 4.

[0081]FIG. 8 shows a view in cross-section through a pylon according tothe invention, which in the illustrated example comprises 23 parts,wherein each part is substantially of a height of between 3.80 m and4.00 m. As can be seen the pylon is of a tapering pylon profile, inother words, the pylon is wider at the ground than in the upper regionof the pylon. In this case the pylon profile is overall curved, that isto say, the mutually oppositely disposed pylon walls are neitherarranged parallel to each other nor are they arranged at a fixed anglerelative to each other, but the profile or the outer contour is slightlycurved. The figures beside the illustration of the pylon specify on theone hand the height of the lower surface of a pylon segment above theground and the diameter of the pylon segment at that location(right-hand line of numbers). The figures are obviously given by way ofexample and are in no way to be interpreted as limiting the invention.

1. Apparatus for guiding a tensioning wire, in particular at transitionsbetween segments of a pylon of prestressed concrete finished parts,characterised in that the apparatus (8) is of a funnel-shapedconfiguration, wherein the side of the apparatus (8) of the smallercross-section (11) is of substantially the same cross-section as jackettubes (7) incorporated into the segments (4, 6).
 2. Apparatus as setforth in claim 1 characterised in that the apparatus (8) has apredetermined flare angle.
 3. Apparatus as set forth in claim 2characterised in that the flare angle of the apparatus (8) is in a rangeof between 10° and 150°.
 4. Apparatus as set forth in one of thepreceding claims characterised in that the side of the apparatus (8) ofthe larger cross-section (9) is of external dimensions which are smallerthan the wall thickness of a segment (4, 6).
 5. Apparatus as set forthin one of the preceding claims characterised in that adjoining the sideof the apparatus (8) of the smaller cross-section (11) in the throughdirection thereof is a tubular portion (12) of substantially the samecross-section.
 6. Apparatus as set forth in claim 5 characterised inthat the apparatus (8) and the tubular portion (12) are made in onepiece.
 7. Apparatus as set forth in one of claims 5 and 6 characterisedin that the tubular portion (12) is of a predetermined length. 8.Apparatus as set forth in claim 7 characterised in that the length ofthe tubular portion (12) is at least 20 mm.
 9. Apparatus as set forth inone of claims 5 to 8 characterised in that the tubular portion (12) isprovided with a male screwthread (14).
 10. Apparatus as set forth in oneof the preceding claims characterised in that the outer periphery of theopening of the larger cross-section (9) is at least partially surroundedby a support surface (16) extending at a predetermined angle relativethereto.
 11. Apparatus as set forth in claim 10 characterised in thatprovided at the outer edge of the support surface (16) is asubstantially upwardly extending edge portion (18) of a predeterminedheight.
 12. A seal for providing a pressure-tight transition between twomutually superposed prestressed concrete finished elements,characterised in that the seal (20) is of a height which corresponds atleast to the intended spacing (30) between the mutually superposedsegments (4, 6).
 13. A seal as set forth in claim 12 characterised inthat the seal (20) is of substantially the same cross-sectional shape asthe apparatus (8).
 14. A seal as set forth in claim 12 or claim 13characterised in that the internal width (21) of the seal (20) changesin the axial direction.
 15. A seal as set forth in one of claims 12 to14 characterised in that the internal width (21) increases towards theprestressed concrete finished element (4, 6) which is arranged beneaththe seal (20).
 16. A seal as set forth in one of claims 12 to 15characterised in that the wall thickness of the seal material does notexceed a predetermined dimension.
 17. A seal as set forth in claim 16characterised in that the wall thickness of the seal material variesalong the height of the seal (20).
 18. A seal as set forth in claim 16or claim 17 characterised in that the transition (29) between an outerwall (26) and an inner wall (27) of the upper portion (25) of the seal(20) extends at an acute angle relative to the outer wall (26) and anobtuse angle relative to the inner wall (27) of the seal (20).
 19. Aseal as set forth in one of claims 12 to 18 characterised in that theopening cross-section of the seal (20), which faces towards theprestressed concrete finished element (4, 6) disposed above the seal(20), is at least of the same size as one of the jacket tubes (7)incorporated into the wall of the prestressed concrete elements (4, 6).20. A seal as set forth in one of claims 12 to 19 characterised in thata bead (22) is formed thereon at the side of the seal (20) of the largerinternal width.
 21. A seal as set forth in claim 20 characterised inthat the cross-sectional shape and dimensions of the bead (22)substantially correspond to the cross-sectional shape formed by theouter peripheral edge (10) of the opening of the larger cross-section(9) of the apparatus (8), the support surface (16) and the edge portion(18) surrounding the support surface, and substantially correspond tothe dimensions thereof.
 22. A seal as set forth in one of claims 12 to21 characterised in that the outer peripheral edge of the seal (20)above the bead (22) has an outwardly directed cantilever portion (23) ofa predetermined height and width.
 23. A seal as set forth in claim 22characterised in that the cantilever portion (23) is of a substantiallyparallelogram-shaped configuration.
 24. A prestressed concrete finishedpart (segment) with one or more jacket tubes integrated into the wallthereof, characterised in that the apparatus (8) as set forth in one ofclaims 1 to 9 is integrated into the segment in such a way that the sideof the apparatus (8) of the smaller cross-section (11) faces towards thejacket tube (7) which is integrated into the wall and the side of thelarger cross-section (9) faces towards the edge of the segment (4, 6),which faces upwardly when the pylon is erected.
 25. A segment as setforth in claim 24 characterised in that the side of the apparatus (8) ofthe larger cross-section (9) terminates substantially flush with thesurface of the segment (4, 6), which faces upwardly when the pylon iserected.
 26. A segment as set forth in claim 24 or claim 25characterised in that the segment (4, 6) is divided parallel to thevertical axis into at least two separate segments.
 27. A method oferecting a pylon from segments, wherein before the segments (4, 6) arebrought together a joining material (34) is applied to the upwardlyfacing surface (36) of the respectively lower segment (6), characterisedin that the material (34) is a polymer.
 28. A method as set forth inclaim 27 characterised in that the layer thickness of the joiningmaterial (34) substantially corresponds to the predetermined spacing(30) between the mutually superposed segments (4, 6).
 29. A method asset forth in one of claims 27 and 28 characterised in that the layerthickness of the joining material (34) is at least 2 mm.
 30. A method asset forth in one of claims 27 to 29 characterised in that the joiningmaterial (34) hardens in the air.
 31. A method as set forth in one ofclaims 27 to 30 characterised in that the joining material (34) isapplied over the full surface area.
 32. A method as set forth in one ofclaims 27 to 31 characterised in that the openings of the jacket tubes(7) which are incorporated into the segments (4, 6) and the apparatuses(8) are cleared out when the material (34) is applied.
 33. A method asset forth in one of claims 27 to 32 characterised in that at least threespacers (32) are inserted between the segments (4, 6).
 34. A method asset forth in claim 33 characterised in that the spacers (32) are of amaterial thickness which substantially corresponds to the predeterminedspacing (30) between the segments (4, 6).
 35. A method as set forth inone of claims 33 and 34 characterised in that the spacers (32) have apredetermined modulus of elasticity.
 36. A method as set forth in one ofclaims 33 to 35 characterised in that the modulus of elasticity of thespacers (32) used is lower than the modulus of elasticity of thehardened joining material (34).
 37. A method as set forth in one ofclaims 33 to 36 characterised in that the spacers (32) are of wood. 38.A pylon of a wind power installation comprising a plurality of mutuallysuperposed finished parts which are braced together by means oftensioning elements, wherein each finished part substantially comprisesa ring element.
 39. A pylon as set forth in claim 38 characterised inthat each ring element comprises at least two sub-segments, wherein asub-segment spans a sub-ring element.
 40. A pylon as set forth in claim38 and claim 39 characterised in that the tensioning elements are atleast one cable-like tensioning element for bracing the segments, whichare passed through a cavity within the wall of the ring elements.
 41. Apylon as set forth in one of the preceding claims characterised in thatthe cavity is filled with a building material, preferably concrete,after the pylon of the wind power installation has been set up.
 42. Apylon as set forth in one of the preceding claims characterised in thatan element for receiving the tensioning steel element is provided in thetransition from a lower concrete finished part to a concrete finishedpart resting thereon, wherein the receiving part is of a larger diameterin its upper edge than at its lower edge.
 43. A pylon of a wind powerinstallation wherein the pylon tapers from the ground upwardly,characterised in that the pylon has a curved pylon profile.
 44. A pylonas set forth in claim 43 characterised in that the pylon comprises aplurality of finished elements which in turn are of a curved contour ora linear contour.